All topics › AQA GCSE Chemistry › Alcohols7.2.3 AlcoholsAQA GCSE Chemistry (8462), Higher tier · Organic chemistry › Reactions of alkenes and alcohols
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What is the functional group of the alcohols? –OH
The student added a small piece of sodium to propanol.one observation and name the gas produced. Bubbles (fizzing); hydrogen.
Give the molecular formula of ethanol. C2 H6 O
A student added a small piece of sodium to ethanol in a test tube. Describe one observation the student would make.Bubbles (fizzing) are seen; the sodium may move around and get smaller. Sample questions Written for this site in the style of AQA exam questions. They are not taken from real past papers.
Question 1 Easy 5 marks
(a) What is the functional group of the alcohols?[1]
(b) Name the alcohol with the formula CH3 OH.[1]
(c) Which two of these are main uses of alcohols?two boxes.[2]
Fuels Solvents Fertilisers Food colourings Extracting metals (d) Ethanol is produced when sugar solutions are fermented.[1]
Show the answer and mark scheme (c) Answer: Fuels; Solvents
Question 2 Medium 7 marks
A student carried out some reactions with propanol, C3 H7 OH.
(a) The student added a small piece of sodium to propanol.one observation and name the gas produced.[2]
(b) The student added propanol to water containing universal indicator.[2]
(c) The student warmed propanol with an oxidising agent.[1]
(d) Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of propanol.[2]
Show the answer and mark scheme (a) Answer: Bubbles (fizzing); hydrogen.
bubbles / fizzing / the sodium gets smaller hydrogen (b) Answer: The propanol mixes with the water; the indicator stays green (pH 7).
the propanol dissolves / mixes with the water green / pH 7 (neutral) (c) Answer: Propanoic acid
(d) Answer: 2C
3 H
7 OH + 9O
2 → 6CO
2 + 8H
2 O
correct formulae: C3 H7 OH + O2 → CO2 + H2 O balanced: 2C3 H7 OH + 9O2 → 6CO2 + 8H2 O Question 3 Hard 6 marks
Ethanol can be made by fermenting sugar or by reacting ethene with steam.
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Evaluate the two methods for making ethanol for use as a fuel.[6]
Show the answer and mark scheme Answer: See indicative content.
fermentation uses a renewable raw material (sugar crops), but ethene comes from crude oil, which is finite fermentation uses a low temperature and atmospheric pressure, so it needs less energy and cheaper equipment the ethene process needs a high temperature and pressure, which cost more (energy, strong equipment) the ethene process is fast and continuous, so it makes large amounts of ethanol; fermentation is slow and done in batches fermentation gives a dilute solution that must be distilled (using more energy) to make a fuel the ethene process has an atom economy of 100%; fermentation is only 51% because carbon dioxide is also produced growing sugar crops uses land that could grow food, but the crops absorb carbon dioxide as they grow a justified conclusion Marked with levels of response: the full level descriptors are in the app.
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